How to Diagnose ADHD
A medical interview is not enough to diagnose ADHD. Diagnostic assessments include self-assessments, physical examinations, questionnaires, psychiatric, medical, and family histories and neuropsychological tests.
To be diagnosed with ADHD a person must meet certain criteria for inattention and/or hyperactivity that hinders daily functioning. For adults, the symptoms should have started in childhood and can't be caused by other conditions.
1. Watching
If you suspect you or your child may be suffering from ADHD it is essential to consult a doctor. ADHD is a complicated condition and is difficult to determine as the symptoms are similar to those of other disorders like sleep disorders or depression. Doctors use a combination physical examination and behavioral tests, as well as questionnaires to determine if someone has ADHD.
A person can be diagnosed with ADHD when they exhibit symptoms of ADHD in more than one setting like school and at work. The symptoms must also result in significant impairment, as reported by one or more others. The symptoms must also have been present in childhood, prior to the age of 12 and must have lasted at minimum six months. Loss of employment, excessive conflict within a marriage, inability to pay bills on time or get a poor grade can all be signs of impairment.
In a thorough clinical interview an expert in health care conducting an evaluation of ADHD will inquire with your child or you about your past and current issues and signs. The professional may ask to speak to people who know you or your child, such as teachers, coaches, or coworkers. They will ask questions about how often your child or you has a problem with things or is late to appointments, and fails to finish tasks. They will also observe whether your child is floppy or has difficulty sitting down, or interrupts other people.
It is also important to inquire about the level of training and experience working with adults who have ADHD. If diagnosis of adhd is unwilling to provide this information, it could be an indication that they're not the right fit for you or your family.
2. Questionnaires
The diagnosis of ADHD is the first step towards managing this disorder. Symptoms of the disorder can include inattention, forgetfulness and mood changes and some sufferers have difficulty with their relationships. If an individual is diagnosed with the disorder it is possible to take steps to improve their lives and take medications to improve their focus and avoiding distractions.
To diagnose a patient, a trained evaluation specialist will use questionnaires as well as the standardized scales for assessing behavior to determine the person's symptoms. The questionnaires are usually used with children and teens however, they can also be administered to adults. They could be handed out by teachers, parents, school/workplace staff and other significant people in the person's life.
These ratings can be used to identify certain kinds of symptoms and rule out other problems that could be causing them, like anxiety disorders, mood disorders, or other psychiatric illnesses. They can also be helpful in evaluating whether the person is a disabled person under ADA (American with Disabilities Act) which may allow them to be entitled to certain workplace accommodations.
During the interview, the evaluator might ask questions about a person's life, their development as well as their family and their way of life. They might also talk to other people in the life of the person which includes close friends, teachers, and coaches. They will seek evidence that the person's symptoms are affecting them at home as well as at work and socially. They will want to know whether the symptoms started in childhood and can't be explained by other conditions.
Some evaluators conduct broad-spectrum tests to look for other mental and emotional disorders that might be contributing to the ADHD symptoms, such as bipolar disorder or depression. They could also conduct cognitive testing to look for learning disabilities or other issues that can cause similar symptoms.
3. Interviews
It's impossible to diagnose ADHD accurately from a brief office visit or conversation. A qualified mental health doctor or professional will gather an extensive description of your behavior as well as the list of symptoms and standardized ADHD behavior rating scales. They will also ask about your family history and social background. They might also interview your teachers, parents, or any other individuals who know you well. They might ask for your school or work documents and medical records. They will test your cognitive abilities and take note of your performance in certain tasks. They may also conduct additional tests to rule out illnesses such as seizure disorders or thyroid which can cause symptoms similar to ADHD.
A thorough evaluation with a psychologist or a doctor can take several weeks. It is crucial to be honest and not to cover up symptoms or pretend they aren't there. Some experts will ask you to speak with your spouse or others who know you well about your symptoms and if they were present in your childhood. They'll also check to ensure that your symptoms aren't caused by another disorder, like depression or anxiety.
Adults with ADHD can benefit from a clear diagnosis, as it will aid them in obtaining the support they need in their lives and find treatment options. Additionally, it's a requirement for getting workplace accommodations under the Americans with Disabilities Act and other federal laws that ban discrimination against disabled people. It can be challenging to get diagnosed, but it is the first step towards learning how to manage ADHD symptoms and regain control over your own life. Ultimately, the ADHD diagnosis can aid you in feeling more confident in all aspects of your life, personal and professional.
4. Physical Exam
Taking a physical examination may be intimidating but it is essential to the diagnosis process. A doctor will look at your ears, nose and mouth to determine if there are any red marks or other signs of infections. The evaluator will also look into your eyes to check for vision problems. They will use other tools to look at your neck, head and back. You might be asked to remain in a seated position or move as they observe you.
The evaluator will look over the American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic guidelines in the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition" (DSM-5) to determine if you suffer from ADHD symptoms. The evaluator will consider how your symptoms impact your life and determine whether they are enough serious to warrant treatment. This could mean losing your job due to excessive spending, difficulty paying your bills on time, or being placed on academic probation in college because of failing grades.
In addition to interviewing you the evaluator may also likely talk to other people who know you well. This could include your spouse, children and other family members. In some cases the evaluator may decide to contact teachers and other professionals to obtain more detailed information about your symptoms.
Many adults can be afflicted with emotional turmoil after they are diagnosed with ADHD. Many adults may feel relieved that they have found an answer to their problems, or in a state of shock at the thought of. It is essential to get an answer to those who suspect they be suffering from ADHD, regardless of how they feel. This can help them get the help they require and enhance their quality of life.
5. Medical History
It is crucial for health professionals to know your medical history to rule out any physical causes of ADHD symptoms. They may also interview your spouse, family members or close friends, and anyone else who may have more information on the symptoms of your child or yourself, as well as their impact on your daily life. You might also be asked to complete questionnaires that give your health care professional an accurate picture of your or your child's development, educational and social history.
Many people find relief in getting a diagnosis of ADHD in the knowledge that their child or even themselves aren't lazy or incompetent however, they suffer from an illness that requires specialized treatment and intervention. It can also be a source of anxiety for those who are given the diagnosis, as they feel ashamed and embarrassed that their ADHD symptoms aren’t just "normal."
When choosing a specialist to conduct an assessment for ADHD Ask your primary care provider or another trusted source for suggestions. You can also conduct research to find out what degrees your potential specialist has and how much experience they have with adults who have ADHD. You can also reach out to your insurance provider and ask who they list as competent professionals. Also, find out if there are any ADHD support groups in your region.